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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 27, 1894)
HINESE DEFEAT IXCITEMENT IN BOTH ARMY AND NAVY. la Blamed for the Die* |e Emperor Asaumea Peraooal of the Arm? and hae Or eah Conacrlptlone—The Pali an Map Cause a Resolution— Eniagemeot keae Pan |0-Stricken. sepu S3.— ueporis irorn that the defeats of the ’ at Ping1 Yang and the Yalu river have caused ixcitement in China, and d panic in both army and •oy Li Hung Chang is the emperor for the de Ldmiral Ting is likely to j. The emperor has de ime personal command of i has ordered fresh con* !rts of the Japanese ad VViju and Meukden have nse feeling. The capture ■ place would be accepted the empire as an omen mperor is -unworthy of ction and that such omens distress are too often ful remarkable celerity. As ians about the court are tvare of the consequences follow the fall of Meukden assumed that they would ost any .demands rather ie serious risk of such a from Tokio, dated to t the naval department a dispatch from the ad nding the Japanese fleet of Chi Li that Monday a eet, consisting of nine nd two fast transports, converted into cruisers, rch of the enemy's fleet, t noon thirty miles east of of Ilai Yung Pao. The irsued the enemy at full je Chinese showed no dis i alter their course or to L The chase lasted a little iur, the Japanese gaining, per 1 o’clock the cruiser pot within range of the psliip and opened Are upon Running tight ensued. Scv n both sides were quickly "his lasted for two hours. transports entered the r safely during the gemeht, which was the estuary and (until nightfall. Three lips were disabled and >ther was set on fire and everal others of the hips were seriously dam itavy fire. The Japan were so well handled vas lost. Only two, the d the Hi Yoi, were dam reat extent, but one of nsports was badly crip pot out of action. The ad ■ not mention the number for wounded, but a private Bays that twenty-two Jap ■cers and men were killed -six wounded, and another ispatch states that the total s on the Japanese side did ed 100. The news of the victory caused great re > Tokio, and a war loan has scribed for to three times nt desired. ER RECORD BROKEN. Lower! the Two-Year-Old | Figured. rp.o, 111., Sept. 23.—But one i broken yesterday and that inroe Salisbury's wonderful pacer, Directly, who sent old record down from 2:09 and at the same time re own record 2%. This event issed by 20,000 people and le most intense enthusiasm, s second special event of the following Robert J.'s fail luce his record. The condi re extremely favorable, the bg very fast and the weather Directly got away on the i and McDowall driving him. It was moving with great il evenly, and needed no urg an occasional word from 1. He had the pole and just im was a thoroughbred run e. The pace was a remark . showing a steady improve 'he first quarter was gone in half in 1:04%, the three in 1:36% and the mile in The gait was perfect from finish,’and the result set the ivild with enthusiasm. The n of 1% seconds at one clip slued an event worthy of ; 3:10 o’clock when Robert J. t off on a second scoring. In ing heat he had made the cir 2:11 and many thought he >ace a great mile, even if he 0 beat his own record. Ed is the driver. On the judge’s las John H. Leash of Goshen, ■e owner of Online the fast bid pacer. Chandler drove the f mate. Robert J. made the karter in :30, and expectation b- The half was made in 1:00% ! the third quarter the great 1 slowed up, making the pole pi- The mile was covered in The quarters were :30, :30%, Id :31. BKY TRUST TROUBLES. f* Hold • Secret Conference Over Hatrlbatlnc Company*! Coarse, u, 111., Sept. 23.—The directors ivhisky trust met in secret ses is morning. The action of the g was kept a profound secret, istributing company's repro ves are still In the city and are t to be in conference with the [rectors, though their presence is positively denied at head rs. present trouble is not caused by irt decision in Chicago, since is been appealed to the supreme but by the Eastern Distributing ly, which believes that it has st where it can squeeze it and ng the most of the opportu ts alleged anxiety about the vouchers is only a cloak for its lo secure further concessions le trust BRICK AND FRBB SILVER. *ha Ohio Beaator Dttlaru nit Party PlatfOra Moan* Virtually Nothing. Pittsburg., Pa., Sept 88.— Senator Calvin & Brice, who passed through last night on the way to New York from the Ohio convention, said: “The Insertion of the free silver plank in the platform of the Ohio state convention does not tie my hands. 1 do not wish to be construed as saying, that the platform does not commit lawmakers of the state who may be elected under its provisions. I am only speaking for myself. The convention adopted a set of resolutions one of which favored free silver. A majority of the people might unanimously say they favored religion, but that expression might commit one man »to Mahomadanism, while another might have a tendency toward being a Baptist. So it is with the free silver plank of the conven tion. The vote by which it was passed, a proportion of about five to three, shows how the people over there feel about it. When we say free silver we may mean a variety of things. “The resolution will in no way alter or affect my attitude in the senate. I candidly believe that if two-thirds of the house and senate were elected on silver platforms, so called, it would not affect the country at all, save to create an apprehension on the part of ithe people as to what would be the result of their legislation. I am in favor of free silver under certain con ditions. but there is a kind of free sil ver which if continued in operation will bankrupts nation in time.” ANOTHER TARIFF BLUNDER. No Provision Made In the New BUI for Fruits Preserved In Spirits. Washington, Sept. 22.— Examina tion of the tariff law at the treasury department discloses the fact that it contains no provision whatever for a duty upon imported fruits, preserved in brandy or other.spirits. The omis sion was not discovered until an ap plication was received from a large importer of such goods for informa tion as to their qualification under the present tariff law. Under the McKinley law “fruits preserved in spirits,” were subject to a duty of 35 per cent ad valorem. The question as to the classification of these goods under present conditions has not yet been determined. It is probable, however, that the depart ment will decide the best way out of the dilemma is to assess duty on the spirits and the fruits subsequently ac cording to the rate provided for each in the tariff act The preserving of fruit in this manner is an extensive industry and. the importations of such fruits, especially brandied peaches, is very heavy. In case the department decides to assess duty on the spirits as well as on the fruits, the duty will be higher than it was under the old law. MME. FURSCH-MADI DEAD. The Noted Dramatic Soprano Fatses Away In New Jersey. New York, Sept. 22.—A dispatch received at the Metropolitan opera house to-day announces the death of Madame Fursch-Madi, the noted dramatic soprano, at Warrenville, Somerset county, N. J. Mme. Fursch-Madi was of French descent. For several decades she had been a great favorite in London and the continent, though in the last few years her voice was not all of what it formally was. She made her first visit to America with the Mapleson Opera company in 1882, and during the next eight years made several return trips with pronounced success. She sang in the Royal Italian opera at London for several sea sons and also gained much prominence and distinction in concert and orato rio work. She appeared frequently at the concerts of the London Phil harmonic society. About three years ago she decided to locate permanent ly in America and established a school in New York citv. FORCED MORTGAGES. Resident! of a Now Fork Town Hold •80,000 Worth on Missouri Property. Middletown, N. Y.. Sept. 22.—John M. Quackenbush of Warwick has been acting as an agent for I. H. Atter bury of Maysville, Dekalb county, Mo., for the past five years in the sale of mortgages. It has just been dis covered that the mortgages were forged. Residents of Warwick have been victimized to the amount of 880,01)0. As soon as it became known that the mortgages were worthless de mands were made on Quackenbush which he was unable to meet. M. N. Kane has begun suit against him to recover $15,000 for a client who holds that amount of fraudulent paper. Quackenbush claims that he has been innocent of any wrong doing, and that he has acted in good faith. As a proof of this he says he holds $30,000 worth of worthless mortgages. At terbury, it is said, has gone to South Africa. THE SUGAR TRUST WINS. Injunction to Prevent the Transaction of Business In Mtuachaifltti Denied. Boston, Mass., Sept. 22.—In the supreme judicial court to-day Judge Barker handed down his decision on the application of Attorney Gen eral Knowlton to grant a temporary injunction against the American Su gar Refining company, restraining it from doing business in this state un til it should have made its official re turn of business transacted during the past year. A temporary injunc tion was denied but as the decision has not been placed on rocord as yet the reasons the judge gives for his action cannot be ascertained. STATE OF/lCES ENTERED. Burglars Try to Bob the Missouri Treas urer and Auditor at Moon. Jefferson City, Mo., Sept. 23.— Some time between 12 and 1:15 o'clock to-day burglars forced an entrance into the state treasurer's and audit- j or’s offices at the capltoL As the vaults were closed they did not secure anything of value. The town is overrun with tramps and hobos and some of them are sup-' posed to have tried to better their fortunes at the state's ezpehse. I CUBRENCY QUESTION. MR. ECKLES TALKS TO THE OHIO BANKERS. Duitroii Financial Theorlea Discussed —He Declares That the I*resent Bank* Inr System le the Beet That Can Be De vised and Which Can Only Be Chanced When Circumstances Render It Neces sary—No Sentiment In Economy. Ecklea on the Currency. Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 21.— Among the speakers to-day at the fourth an nual convention of the Ohio Bankers’ association was Comptroller of the Currency James II. Eckels. After re viewing the history of the national banks and declaring that the system under which they were conducted is the best that could be devised and one which would be changed only when circumstances made a change necessary, he said that the problem to be met to-day was how to secure a more elastic currency and still main tain it solely upon bonds deposited to secure it. The serious difficulty in the way was the idea to which so many of the people clung that it was essential to the people’s prosperity that there always be a large volume of money regardless of its representa tion of intrinsic value. He then said: “Our colonial history is replete with attempts to make the people rich through .a great volume of currency which had neither representative nor intrinsic worth. It is a history of financial failure and distress. Later under the articles of federation, is recorded the same attempt, Bnd tho same series of failures nnd financial loss. There was scarcely a state in the union before the war but whose history is marked by efforts to onrich a people through such currency. If tho • result of such attompts was so prolific of ruin to the pcoplo then, why will they not fall with equal ruin now? The laws of political econ omy do not change with changing ages or changing people, and the same causes find fruition in tho same effects whether tho century bo the eighteenth or tho nineteenth, the form of government colonial or re public. “There is no sentiment embodied in the laws of money and no matter how great may bo tho volume of tho cur rency if each and every dollar of that currency is not of value to pass cur rent in tho world of business it can not add to the blessings of the people. To be productive of tho people’s good it must, whether of gold, silver or paper in the very order of things, be of unquestioned and unvarying value, and when called into requisition ais charge, without the aid of legal ten der acts at homo or abroad, the obli gations of the holders. But with such a currency our people have yet much to learn, and most important is the lesson that no matter how abundant it may be, it win not find its way to those who are wanting in credit.” THE RECORD LOWERED. What the Trotting Queen Alex Did at Galesburg, 111. Galesburg, 111., Sept. 21—Fifteen thousand people yelled themselves hoarse yesterday afternoon when the great trotting queen Alix boat tho world’s record by coming under the wire in 2:03%. The start was made in splendid style, Alix coming as regularly and steady as clock-work, with head down and her short, pointed ears twitching nervously. Alix was given the pole, with the runner just to the right and a trifle behind. When she approached the wire for the start she seemed a little slow, but she soon increased her pace. She was working like a ma- ; chine, and yet so easily and graceful that one would hardly imagine j she was going at such a tre- i mendous clip. When the quarter ! was reached there was a general i exclamation: “Thirty and a half; she I will beat it.” From that to the half 1 she seemed to fly, making it in 1:01%. j The third quarter she increased her | pace a trifle, making it in 1:33%. i When she started up the home stretch ! there was the greatest excitement, j Some started to yell, but were sup- ; pressed. Alix was moving down i without apparent effort. Thus far , there had not been a false step, a ! wabble of any kind. She seemed to fairly fly to get away from the horse j that came thundering just behind. ! As she neared the wire many that ! glanced at their watches suid: “She will not make it.” The last • two rods she again seemed to increase j her marvelous speed, and as she i darted under the wire the shout I went up from the thousands: j “She’s done it; she’s done it!” ! The cheering was prolonged, and it ; was some time before Williams could j quiet the crowd so as to make him- ' self heard. He then announced: “You have witnessed the fastest heat ever trotted by any trotter on the globe—just trotted by Alix. The first quarter was gone in :30%, the half in 1:01%, the three-quarters in 1:33% and the mile in 3:03%.” The crowd again cheered, and thousands rushed onto the track as McDowell came driving Alix back. Williams introduced Mr. Jones the owner of Alix, and the cheering again arose. The performance of Alix is the talk of all horsemen. The judges gave the time out as 3:03%, although one of the judges caught it at a shade less, and many in the audience had it 2:03%. Jones was nearly smothered in congratulations. Another brilliant event was Ethel A, going to beat the 3-year-old pacing record of 3:10. She made the mile in 2:10, equalling the record. All other events were uninteresting. a Ktw Type Measuring System. Phh.adki.phia, Pa.,Sept. 31.—A new system of measuring the volume of type was adopted by the United Typo thetae of America last night. A committee of three recommended the adoption of a system of measurement with the whole alphabet as a stand ard, a system that would be equitable to both employe aDd employers. It was stated that this system permitted the accurate measure of work actually done and customers eould be made to understand that the use of broad face type would cost more than narrow faced. There is no intention of re ducing wage* A JAPANESE VICTORY. Thay Do Hot Lom t VmmI In thn Tnln n«ht. Loudon, Sept SI.—An official dis patch received at Toklo, Japan, from the headquarters of the Japanese fleet in Corea says that the latter, at 1 o'clock in the afternoon of Septem ber 10, met oleven Chinese warships and six torpedo boats thirty-five miles northeast of Ilai Yang Tao, with the result that four of the Chinese ships wore sunk and one was burned, whilo the Japanese fle.-t sustained no ma terial damage. The Japanese fleet was composed of seventeen ships, some of which were small war ves sels. According to reports from Shanghai, the Chinese claim to have sunk the Japanese war ships Ambushlma and Yossina and a Japanese transport, which had been convertod into a cruiser and named the Saiko, but a private report from Shanghai declares that these vessels were not sunk, but retired from the action in a disabled condition. The particulars received at Yoko hama in regard to the battle of Ping Yang show that the Japanese loss was only about eleven officers wounded and 260 soldiers killed. The Japanese army is marching on Wiju which it is expected will be reached by the ond of September. Field Marshal Count Y’agammata, commanding the Japanese forces in Corea, is marching with 4.’i,000 troops on Meultden from the southeast. The treasure captured at Ping Yung amounted to 83,000,000. JAPANESE TORPEDOES DEADLY. According' to the latest reports from the naval battle the Chen Yuen, one of the most powerful vossols in the Chinese navy, bred a shot at the Jap anese as soon as the latter came in range of her guns. The lire was promptly returned and soon the Chen Yuen was hotly engaged with two Japanese cruisers, one of which is said to have been the Chiyoda. The other Japanese vessels got into tho positions they desired and the fight then became general. For six hours the battle was waged furiously, nearly all the vessels on both sides being engaged for tho whole time. The Chen Yuen took a prominent part in the engagement. Her.Krupp and Armstrong guns were well served and she poured a hot and well sus tained fire from her auxiliary battery. Finally one of tho Japanese vessels discharged a torpedo at her. The mis sile sped well from its tube and struck the Chen Yuen fairly. When it exploded the Chen Yuen began to almost immediately settle. Her crew, however, stuck to their guns and de livered some effective shots before their vessel sank The belted cruiser King Yuen met a similar fate, being struck with a torpedo and sinking shortly after ward. Many of the crews of both vessels went down while standing at close quarters. Only a few of those on board were saved and it is reported that COO officers and men were drowned by the floundering of these two vessels. After the Chen Yucnand King Yuen had gone down the cruisers Yang Wei and Chao Yung ran riground while maneuvering for position. They were helpless and a destructive Are was poured into them from the big guns of the Japanese ships. Some of the Japanese war ships de voted themselves for a time to the transports, which had not time to get out of range. It is believed several of the transports were sunk, includ ing one from which the troops had not been landed. LOSSES ON EACH SIDE HEAVY. It is estimated that the total Chinese loss in killed and woundod was 1,500. It is reported the Japanese loss was 1,000 killed and wounded. The so-called torpedo cruiser Tsi Yuen was one of the vessf Is attacked by the Japanese fleet off the mouth of the Ynlu river, but for some reason was not slated in the dispatch sent out about the action. Captain Fong, who was in command of the Tsi Tuen witnessed the fight from a distance. He says he saw four of the Japanese vessels sunk by the fire from the Chi nese warships. The report that Admiral Ting and Colonel Von Hannekin were killed is positively denied, and it is said that both have resumed their places aboard the Chinese fleet The Japanese occupied Ping Yang Monday. Several isolated bands of Chinese managed to escape from the Japanese an<J fled toward Manchuria. A MANDAMUS FOR CARLISLE. Efforts Made to Compel Him to Inspect 1 oulslana Sngwr Plantations. Washington, Sept. 21.—The Miles planting’ and manufacturing company I of Louisiana, engaged in planting and j growing sugar canc, yesterday after- j noon applied to Judge McComas, in j the District supreme court, for a man damus against the secretary of the treasury and the commissioner of in ternal revenue to compel them to con tinue the inspection of sugar planta tions requirdd by the McKinley sugar bounty law. The petitioners state an inspection of their plant has been refused by the treasury officials on the ground that the lately enacted tariff law annulled and rescinded the granting of a bounty to sugar producers, and that the tariff does so operate the peti tioners deny. Judge McComas directed that Sec retary Carlisle be required to show sause October 4 why mandamus should not issue. Fatal Explosion of a Boiler. PfitE Bluffs, Ark., Sept 21.—The boiler of a saw mill near Sulphur Springs exploded to-day, killing an employe named Ward and wounding four others. The mill was destroyed, the loss being $10,000 to the owner. Frank Carver. The secretary of the treasury has tsked the secretary of state to in itruct the United States consul, at Hamburg to detain all immigrants Vom East and West Prussia, Posen tnd Silesia during the prevalence of 'holers in those districts. FIGHTING ON WATER JAPANESE AND CHINESE WAR * 8HIPS IN BATTLE. -.■■■■■« Conflict Proees Disastrous for Bo|h ■Ida*—Oaa of tha Greatest of tha Cal astlal Tassels mown tip and Three Others Partly Darned and Beached— Three of tha Mikado's Ships Deported Sank—A Henry Loss of Life Said to Hare Occurred. A Flares Naval Conflict. Shanghai, Sopt 20.—The first bat tle between modern ships of war has taken place at the mouth of the Yatu river, north of the gulf of Corea, where the Chinese were disembark ing' troops, and has proved decidedly disastrous, though there la no ques tion that the Chinese losses were far severer than those of her rival. The Japanese fleet aommenoed the attack at noon yesterday and the bat tle lasted until 8 o’clock. The Chinese lost four ships—the Chen Yuen sunk, the King Yuen burned and the Chao Yung and the Yang Wei stranded and partly burned. The Japanese are supposed to have lost three ships, but the names are not known. Many Chinuse were killed and wounded, among the latter being Ad miral Ting, Colonel von Hannokln, formerly aide-de-camp to LI Hung Chang and Captain Tyler, the two lat ter being Chinese volunteers. The entire Northern Chinese float was covering the landing of a largo force of troops, destined to reinforce the Chineso army operating against the Japanese in Corea, when part of the Japanese fleet made a fierce at tack. The Chinese are said to have been hampered bv want of room to maneuver. According to the Chinese version there was no thought of sur render on either side, and the -ships of both nations were terribly dam aged. The Japanese had the advan tage of the weather berth and so maneuvered that both Chinese boats and transports had to fight it out. Tho Chon Y’uen, after fighting her guns to tho last, was sunk by torpe does and a smaller Chineso vessel, which was unurmed, was blown up. Tho steel cruiser, Chao Yung was so damaged that she had to be benched to escape capture. The cruiser Yang liei was also driven ashore and has become a hopeless wreck. Admiral Ting was tho commander of the Chinese Northern fleet and Col onel von liannekin, formerly aide-de camp to Viceroy Li llung Chang, was the German officer who was on board the transport Kow Shung when she was sunk by a Japanese cruiser with the loss of about 1,000 men. One report is that the troops were landed, but another is that the Jap anese succeeded in preventing the landing and therefore the Jananese claim a victory. It is added, how ever, that the Japanese fleet was compelled to retreat after having suffered heavy losses in killed and wounded. The Chinese fleet, it is also said, has returned to Wei Hai Wei. It is significant that two or three transports which wore conveyed by the warships of China have not re turned and it is rumored that they were all blown up with a loss of all hands on board. From Chinese ad vices it is gathered that tho loss on both sides will reach several thou sand. SIX HOURS or FIERCE WORK. Twelve Chinese war ships arrived yesterday at Port Arthur for repairs. The officers reported that Monday the Chinese fleet, consisting of four teen warships, arrived off the mouth of Yatu river conveyihg transports having on board 0,000 troops. It was the intention of Admiral Ting to dis embark these troops inside the mouth of the river in order to form a force with which to intercept the Japanese advance upon Moukden, Manchuria, from which there is a railroad running to Tien Tain. While engaged in landing these troops nineteen Japanese warships, accompanied by a fleet of torpedo boats were sighted. As soon as they were within range tho Japanese at tacked the Chinese. Then followed a terrible conflict lasting six hours, during which the great guns, rapid firing guns and machine guns of all sorts were used with fearful effect on both sides. Both fleets also used torpedoes repeatedly and fired at each other continuously from the rapid firing guns mounted in the tops of the different warships. MARY DESHA REJOICE9. Oreeklnrldce's Viator-In- Law Thanka tbs Women Who Detested Him. Lexington, Ky., Sept. 20.—Mrs. P. K. Hunt, the venerable president of the Women’s anti-Breckinridge as sociation of Lexington, has received a letter from Miss Mary Desha, sister in-law of Colonel Breckinridge, now residing in Washington, from which the followihg extract is taken: *‘I will probably never see you again on this earth and I want to tell you how much I thank you for what you have done in defeating the man who has disgraced the Ashland district. You at home can hardy realize how we have felt here. There was universal rejoicing this morning when the result was known.” Tartney Renominated* Lexington, Mo.. Sept 20.—Con gressmon John C. Tarsney was to-day renominated by the Democrats of the Fifth congressional district. He got all the votes but two, which were cast for ex-Mayor Cowherd of Kansas City. Against tha Whisky Trust. Chicago, Sept 20.—Judge Gibbons to-day sustained the demurrer to the amended pleas of the whisky trust to the information of the quo warranto action begun by Attorney General Maloney, and directed the attorney general to prepare a judgment of ous ter against the trust The decision is on formal matters left unsettled by the main decision three months ago. The defendants will appeal. Anthony' Joseph, delegate to con gress from New Mexico, has been re nominated by acclamation in the ter ritorial Democratic uonrention. OWNERSHIP OP RAILROADS. (Tool* tom Hat Datn on » still Bant fov FmIIi WASHraoToa, Sept. SO.—In com pliance with a resolution by. Senator Pettigrew the Interstate commerce commission hue compiled data regard ing government ownership of rail roads by foreign governments, which is summarised as follows: Ten governments do not own or control railroads. They are Colom bia, Great Urltlan and Ireland, Mexi co, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, Switzer land, Turkey, United States and Uruguay The following eighteen govern ments own and operate some of the railroads: Argentine, s Australia, Aus tria-Hungary, Belgium, Brazil, Cana da, Cape of Good Hope, Chili, Den mark, France, Germany, Guatemala, India, Japan, Norway, Portugal, Rus sia and Sweden. me lonowing tnree government* own part of their railway* but do not operate any, leasing to private com* panics: Greece, Holland and Italy. The relative rates charged for freight and passenger service on the government-owned railroads and the other tacts cited in connection with such roads, are calculated to afford little encouragoment to the advocates of government ownership. A comparison of passenger charges Ser mile shows an average in Great ritain of 4.43 cents for first class, 3.20 for second class, and 1.34 for third class. In France the average is 3.80 for first class, 2.80 for second class, and 2.08 for third class. In Germany the rate is 3.10 for first class, 2.33 for second class, and 1.04 tor third class. In the United States tho average charge is 3.12 cents. The average charges per ton per mile are as follows: Great Britlan, 2.80 conts; Franco, 3.30: Germany, 1.64, and in the United States 1. Interest on capital invested in the several countries is as follows: United Kingdom,4.1 por cent; France, 3.8 per cent; Germany, 5.1 per cent; Russia, 5.3 percent; Austria, 3.1 per cent; Belgium, 4.0 per cont. United States, 3.1 percent. The average for the world is 3.3 per cent. The system of operation of tho rail roads in different countries is indi cated: In Austria about 4 per cent of the railway mileage is ownod and about 73 per cent is operated by the state. Upon the expiration of charters, not exceeding ninety years, the lines, lands and buildings of the companies are ever the property of the govern ment but the equipment remains the proporty of tho owners. Before a railway is opened it must be approvod by the minister of commerce. The tariffs on state roads are fixed by the government; those of the companies are subject to revision by the govern ment every three years and the gov ernment has power to reduce rates, if the not earnings exceed 15 per cent on capital. In Canada about the tonth of the mileage of about 15,000 miles Is owned, controlled and operated by the government. For the year 1893 the operation of the government lines resulted in a loss of over $000, 000. At the present date by far the larger portion (about five-sixth) of the French railway system is operated by private conpanies, each company serving a definite territory and being comparatively free from the competi tion of other lines. But the railroad properties are ultimately to become the property of tho government. This system is a mixed one of state aud private ownership. In Germany nearly ninety per cent of the railway mileage is owned by the government. Under the law the government is required to manage the railways in the interests of general traffic on a single system. It may cause the construction and equipment of roads and enforce uniform traffic and: police regulations. In Great Britain and Ireland the government does not own the rail ways. There are stringent regula tions provided by law and adminis tered by the railway commission and board of trade. Italy has tried both state and pri vate railways and has come to the conclusion that it is not advantageous to own and operate the railways. The result was a reorganization of the whole railway system. Under the present system private companies operate the state roads under con tract with the government. In Russia the government is stated to own and operute about forty per cent of the railway mileage. Nearly all of the railways owned by private companies have received subsidies from the government. It is stated that in the United States several of the states have tried owner ship in a limited way. Illinois con structed a road at a cost of $1,000,094, but sold it for $100,000; Indiana had ts similar experience; Georgia owns a railroad but found it expedient to lease it to a private company; Penn sylvania constructed a railroad from Philadelphia to Columbia, but subse quently sold it. Massachusetts, Mich igan and several other states tried the experiment without success. Sheep Baleere Glee Up the Fight Parachute, Col., Sept 20.—The war between the sheep and cattle men in Garfield connty has been ended by the sheep men shipping all their stock to Eastern markets, leaving the country free to the cattle men. The eommisr sioners of Garfield county have of fered a reward of 8500 for the arrest and conviction of the men who slaughtered the sheep, and Governor Waite will be requested to add 81,000 to the amount._ Washington, Sept. 20. —The recent ly published book, “If Christ Came to Congress,” has been detained in the mails, pending an investigation by the postoffice department of the alleged obscenity of the publication. The au thor is M. W. Howard of Alabama, who expects to be nominated for con gress by the Populists. Elliot Defeat* Carveit Kansas Citt, Mo., Sept 20.—Cham pion Wing Shot J. A. R. Elliott de feated Dr. Carver for the third suc cessive time yesterday and won the final match of the great pigeon shoot by a soore of 90 to M.